{"id":4477,"date":"2017-02-20T12:21:55","date_gmt":"2017-02-20T12:21:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/?p=4477"},"modified":"2017-02-20T12:21:55","modified_gmt":"2017-02-20T12:21:55","slug":"treninkova-poradna-viktora-zapletala-odpovedi-na-otazky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/?p=4477","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e1 poradna Viktora Zapletala \u2013 Odpov\u011bdi na ot\u00e1zky"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dal\u0161\u00ed d\u00edly Tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 poradny tren\u00e9ra Viktora Zapletala se v\u011bnuj\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm ot\u00e1zk\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 pokl\u00e1daj\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i tohoto seri\u00e1lu. V\u00a0nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch aktualizac\u00edch Tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 poradny p\u0159ineseme odpov\u011bdi na n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00a0nich. \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pravideln\u011b dost\u00e1v\u00e1m dotazy na nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se tr\u00e9ninku a probl\u00e9my s tr\u00e9ninkem\u00a0souvisej\u00edc\u00ed. Odpov\u00edd\u00e1m na n\u011b v\u011bt\u0161inou individu\u00e1ln\u011b, pokud jde o osobn\u00ed dotaz, kter\u00fd se vztahuje na ur\u010dit\u00e9ho jezdce. V\u00a0dotazech je ale tak\u00e9 \u0159ada t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed obecn\u00fd kontext a mohou b\u00fdt zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 pro sportovn\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost. Odpov\u011bdi na n\u011bkolik takov\u00fdch uvedu v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch d\u00edlech sv\u00e9 Tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 poradny. \u00a0Prvn\u00ed dotazy maj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e charakter odborn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce z\u00a0oblasti vytrvalostn\u00edho tr\u00e9ninku, nicm\u00e9n\u011b odpov\u011bdi na tyto ot\u00e1zky mohou b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 nejenom pro teorii sportovn\u00edho tr\u00e9ninku, ale i pro \u0161irokou cyklistickou a sportovn\u00ed komunitu, co\u017e je d\u016fvod, pro kter\u00fd jsem se rozhodnul ot\u00e1zky za\u010dlenit do sv\u00e9 Tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 poradny.<\/p>\n

\u201e\u2026dovoluji si V\u00e1s oslovit s\u00a0prosbou o odpov\u011bdi na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00ed maxima v\u00fdkonov\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu\u00a0(uva\u017eujme dlouhodobou vytrvalost do 3h v cyklistice<\/strong>) jedince, na kter\u00e9 se mi, bohu\u017eel, nepoda\u0159ilo naj\u00edt odpov\u011bdi ve ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch.<\/em><\/p>\n

Dotazy jsou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n

1) Joe Friel a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed odborn\u00edci uv\u00e1d\u00ed hypot\u00e9zu, \u017ee po\u00a07 a\u017e 8 letech tr\u00e9ninku<\/strong>\u00a0dos\u00e1hne jedinec sv\u00e9ho geneticky dan\u00e9ho individu\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdkonnostn\u00edho stropu. Pokud budeme uva\u017eovat, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd jedinec m\u00e1 geneticky dan\u00fd individu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u201estrop\u201c, kter\u00e9ho m\u016f\u017ee systematick\u00fdm tr\u00e9ninkem dos\u00e1hnout, d\u00e1 se obecn\u011b \u0159\u00edci, za jak dlouho tohoto sv\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu dos\u00e1hne nebo se k\u00a0n\u011bmu t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed a pak ji\u017e jde zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed opravdu velice, velice pomalu?<\/em><\/p>\n

2) A plat\u00ed i zde Paretovo pravidlo? Tzn., pokud p\u0159ipust\u00edme hypot\u00e9zu, \u017ee sv\u00e9ho maxima m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout jedinec za 8 let tr\u00e9ninku, plat\u00ed,\u00a0\u017ee na 80% sv\u00e9ho maxima se dostane za 1,5 roku systematick\u00e9ho tr\u00e9ninku nebo<\/strong>\u00a0se zde jedn\u00e1 o line\u00e1rn\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh? Pokud zde neplat\u00ed Paret\u016fv princip zcela ve verzi 80\/20, d\u00e1 se \u0159\u00edci, za jak dlouho tedy jedinec dos\u00e1hne 80 % sv\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu?<\/em><\/p>\n

Jak\u00fd je V\u00e1\u0161 n\u00e1zor a osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enost?\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u00e1 zku\u0161enost a tedy i odpov\u011b\u010f na tuto ot\u00e1zku nen\u00ed zcela jednozna\u010dn\u00e1. Jde toti\u017e o problematiku velice individu\u00e1ln\u00ed, kdy schopnosti n\u011bkter\u00fdch jedinc\u016f zcela pop\u00edraj\u00ed jakoukoliv teorii. Dal\u0161\u00edm aspektem, kter\u00fd m\u00e1, a to zd\u016fraz\u0148uji, z\u00e1sadn\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitost na v\u00fdkonnostn\u00ed r\u016fst jsou podm\u00ednky, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 sportovec pro to, aby sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonnostn\u00edho stropu dos\u00e1hnul. M\u011bl jsem ve sv\u00e9 tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 skupin\u011b n\u011bkolik mlad\u00fdch z\u00e1vodn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se a\u017e do pozdn\u00edho juniorsk\u00e9ho v\u011bku v\u011bnovali cyklistice pouze dopl\u0148kov\u011b. Vytvo\u0159ili jsme jim ale velmi kvalitn\u00ed tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky s\u00a0pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm tr\u00e9ninkov\u00fdm Know \u2013 how a je skute\u010dnost\u00ed, \u017ee se do dvou let dostali z\u00a0pozice z\u00e1vodn\u00edk\u016f n\u00e1rodn\u00edho poh\u00e1ru do absolutn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dky sv\u00fdch kategori\u00ed. Pravdou ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee jde o jedince s p\u0159edpoklady pro vrcholov\u00fd sport, jejich\u017e p\u0159irozen\u00fd sportovn\u00ed talent jsem del\u0161\u00ed dobu sledoval b\u011bhem tuzemsk\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f a teprve a\u017e kdy\u017e jsem byl p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den o jejich schopnostech, za\u010dlenil jsem je do konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9ho programu.<\/p>\n

M\u016fj osobn\u00ed n\u00e1zor je, \u017ee vysok\u00e9 v\u00fdkonnosti organismu m\u016f\u017eeme, za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, dos\u00e1hnout velice brzy, v\u00a0rozmez\u00ed 1 \u2013 3 let. Ve standardn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch pak v\u00a0rozmez\u00ed 3 \u2013 5 let.\u00a0 Pot\u00e9 n\u00e1sleduje stav, kdy z\u00edskan\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 schopnosti lze samoz\u0159ejm\u011b d\u00e1le navy\u0161ovat kvalitn\u00edm tr\u00e9ninkem, ve kter\u00e9m se zam\u011b\u0159ujeme na rozvoj konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed, nap\u0159. s\u00edla, rychlost, vytrvalost, rychlostn\u00ed \u010di silov\u00e1 vytrvalost, atd. Rozvoj t\u011bchto d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem prodlu\u017eovat a ovliv\u0148ovat v\u00fdkonnostn\u00ed \u201estrop\u201c jedince a z\u0159eteln\u011b to vid\u00edme u zku\u0161en\u00fdch z\u00e1vodn\u00edk\u016f s\u00a0dlouhou z\u00e1vodn\u00ed \u017eivotnost\u00ed. Hodn\u011b zde z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na osobn\u00ed schopnosti jedince vn\u00edmat a analyzovat sv\u00e9 tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 a z\u00e1vodn\u00ed pocity a vhodn\u011b podle t\u011bchto zku\u0161enost\u00ed upravovat sv\u016fj st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00fd a dlouhodob\u00fd tr\u00e9ninkov\u00fd pl\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0souvislosti s v\u00fdkonnostn\u00edm r\u016fstem a v\u00fdkonnostn\u00edm stropem popt\u00e1van\u00e9m v\u00a0dotazu \u010d\u00edslo 2. je vhodn\u00e9 zm\u00ednit jako p\u0159\u00edklad skupinu t\u011blesn\u011b posti\u017een\u00fdch sportovc\u016f. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed procento lid\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0t\u011blesn\u00e9mu handicapu mezi 17 \u2013 35 rokem \u017eivota. D\u016fvodem jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u00farazy, onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, atd. Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee \u0159ada t\u011bchto lid\u00ed se k\u00a0pravideln\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei dostane teprve v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu po\u00farazov\u00e9 rehabilitace a a\u017e do sv\u00e9ho \u00farazu nikdy aktivn\u011b nesportovali. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, n\u011bkter\u00e9 fyzick\u00e1 aktivita zaujme natolik, \u017ee se postupn\u011b za\u010dnou v\u011bnovat nejenom rekondici, ale najdou si sv\u016fj obl\u00edben\u00fd sport a za\u010dnou pravideln\u011b tr\u00e9novat. Jsou mezi nimi i dosud skryt\u00ed, v\u00fdrazn\u00ed sportovn\u00ed talenti, kte\u0159\u00ed svou tr\u00e9ninkovou \u010dinnost nakonec z\u00faro\u010d\u00ed a\u017e na tom nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm stupni sportovn\u00ed hierarchie, \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed na mistrovstv\u00ed Evropy, sv\u011bta nebo dokonce i na paralympijsk\u00fdch hr\u00e1ch. V\u017edy si v\u00a0t\u00e9to souvislosti kladu ot\u00e1zku, \u010deho by asi byli schopni dos\u00e1hnout, kdyby se sportu v\u011bnovali pravideln\u011b od \u00fatl\u00e9ho v\u011bku\u2026<\/p>\n

Praxe je takov\u00e1, \u017ee pokud se specialist\u016fm na sportovn\u00ed tr\u00e9nink dostane \u201edo ruky\u201c jedinec s\u00a0handicapem a p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdm sportovn\u00edm talentem, je v\u00a0jejich mo\u017enostech, p\u0159i vytvo\u0159en\u00ed kvalitn\u00edho z\u00e1zem\u00ed a \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch tr\u00e9ninkov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek dostat potencion\u00e1ln\u00edho z\u00e1vodn\u00edka na skute\u010dn\u011b velmi vysokou v\u00fdkonnostn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 u\u017e po 1 roce intenzivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravy. Cel\u00e1 v\u011bc je o to t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee mus\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b naj\u00edt zp\u016fsob jak kompenzovat dan\u00fd fyzick\u00fd handicap, co\u017e je \u010dastokr\u00e1t velmi slo\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 know – how, zku\u0161enost v\u00a0problematice sportu a sportu handicapovan\u00fdch a pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 z\u00e1zem\u00ed je jenom jedn\u00edm d\u00edlem tohoto procesu. T\u00edm druh\u00fdm a nem\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm aspektem \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho procesu jsou osobn\u00ed schopnosti \u00a0jedince vn\u00edmat sv\u00e9 t\u011blo, samotn\u00fd handicap a naj\u00edt mo\u017enosti a s\u00edlu, jak jej \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b zapojit do tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9ho procesu. Sportovci s\u00a0handicapem tak dokonale napl\u0148uj\u00ed sportovn\u00ed filozofii antick\u00fdch myslitel\u016f a filozof\u016f \u2013 skloubit do funk\u010dn\u00edho celku mysl a t\u011blo.<\/p>\n

Mgr. Viktor Zapletal<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\"\"<\/a>

Dal\u0161\u00ed d\u00edly Tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 poradny tren\u00e9ra Viktora Zapletala se v\u011bnuj\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm ot\u00e1zk\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 pokl\u00e1daj\u00ed \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i tohoto seri\u00e1lu. V\u00a0nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edch aktualizac\u00edch Tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9 poradny p\u0159ineseme odpov\u011bdi na n\u011bkter\u00e9 z\u00a0nich. \u00a0 Pravideln\u011b dost\u00e1v\u00e1m dotazy na nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se tr\u00e9ninku a probl\u00e9my s tr\u00e9ninkem\u00a0souvisej\u00edc\u00ed. Odpov\u00edd\u00e1m na n\u011b v\u011bt\u0161inou individu\u00e1ln\u011b, pokud jde o osobn\u00ed dotaz, kter\u00fd se vztahuje na ur\u010dit\u00e9ho jezdce. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4477"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4477"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4477\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4478,"href":"https:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4477\/revisions\/4478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4477"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4477"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahamtb.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4477"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}